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981.
Vicente Valentín Maganto Maite Murillo González María Valentín Moreno 《Clinical & translational oncology》2004,6(7):448-457
Continuous care for the cancer patient is an open concept that is not only applicable only to the terminal stage. Such a simplification
could generate inequities of therapy and discrimination. Historically, oncology services have been structured as networks
dispensing chemotherapy and radiotherapy rather than services dedicated to the integrated care of the cancer patient. This
situation has changed in a continuous and progressive manner over the past few years, as reflected in the latest Spanish Libro
Blanco de Oncología. We are still far from reaching the optimum level of integrated care, possibly because we have not, as
yet, achieved services that are structured and appropriate for the care-needs of the patient and, perhaps, to the lack of
the necessary personnel. We must always make sure that cancer patients receive the best possible treatment, irrespective of
whet-her the disease is in relapse. Oncologists must not “give up”, indicating that, in addition to using the most effective
anticancer treatments available, they should deploy their best knowledge and experience to control the symptoms of cancer
while providing psycho-social help to the patient and family. This is best conducted with a communication that is adjusted
to the changing needs of the patient over the longterm clinical process, and should be provided by a multidisciplinary team,
according to the needs of the patient and the family.
Within a program of integrated care, it is possible to coordinate the existing care structures without creating parallel health
networks so as to cover the needs of the greatest number of cancer patients in advanced stage of the disease. 相似文献
982.
Beata Gawdis-Wojnarska Marek Brzosko Jacek Fliciński Krzysztof Marlicz Teresa Starzyńska Rodney J Scott Jan Lubiński 《Hereditary cancer in clinical practice》2004,2(2):65-68
Gastric cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy worldwide and therefore represents a significant healthcare burden. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development of gastric cancer. To date only one clear genetic predisposition has been identified involving mutations in the E-cadherin gene. The disease phenotype in patients harbouring E-cadherin mutations appears to be specifically related to diffuse gastric cancer. Little is known genetically about the other forms of gastric cancer. Since there is a growing awareness about the necessity of early intervention criteria have been developed that aid the identification of hereditary forms of gastric cancer. The aim of the current study was to identify minimal inclusion criteria so that nuclear pedigree families can be provided with risk assessment and/or genetic testing.The results reveal that inclusion features described herein such as (a) gastric cancer diagnosed before 46 years of age; (b) two gastric cancers among first degree relatives diagnosed over the age of 50 are useful in identifying suspected hereditary gastric cancer patients. 相似文献
983.
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988.
Mitch Dowsett 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2004,87(1):11-18
cDNA arrays and proteomic analyses have allowed the rapid identification of specific genes and proteins implicated in multiple
tumor types. These molecules must then be validated as clinically relevant prognostic and predictive markers, and this translational
research is best conducted in the context of clinical trials. Outcomes data and clinical specimens collected in the ‘Arimidex’,
Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) study, for example, can now be used to compare the expression of biomarkers with
clinical outcomes. In this study, adjuvant tamoxifen and anastrozole (‘Arimidex’) were compared alone and in combination in
more than 9000 women with breast cancer. Anastrozole was found to be superior to tamoxifen in terms of disease-free survival,
time to recurrence, and reduction in the incidence of contralateral tumors. Importantly, tissue specimens from surgical excision,
local relapse, and contralateral breast cancer were collected and paraffin-embedded for storage. In the TA01 (TransATAC) program,
these specimens will be studied (after obtaining patient consent) using tissue microarrays; tissue biopsy cores 0.6 mm in
diameter will be removed from donor blocks and placed on recipient blocks, which will be sectioned to allow the simultaneous
analysis of the same samples for multiple biomarkers. These analyses can help determine differential benefits of treatment
with anastrozole or tamoxifen, depending on the expression of particular biomarkers in tumor cells. This research also should
clarify de novo and acquired resistance mechanisms, and the validation of relevant molecular pathways could guide the development of new
drugs. Ultimately, the TA01 program has the potential to favorably impact treatment choices for breast cancer.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
989.
Objective: To study the gene polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTM1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and controls in an
incidental area to evaluate the relationship between specific genotype and genotype combinations of these polymorphisms with
the risk of NPC. Methods: Cases and controls all came from the Southwestern Guangxi. DNAs were extracted from their WBC. PCR
technique was used to calculate the deletion rate of the two detoxific enzyme genes. Results: In this high risk area of NPC,
the residents had high level deletion rates of 47.4% (64/135) Ml and T1 40.7% (55/135). The deletion rates were even higher
in NPC patients, 61.5% (56/91) for Ml and 59.3% (54/91) for T1 respectively. There were statistical significances compared
with control,P<0.05 andP<0.01 for Ml and T1 respectively. The difference was more significant in terms of combined Ml and T1 deletion between patients
and controlsx
2=12.533,P=0.002. Conclusion: The combined deletion of detoxific enzyme genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 may be an important genetic susceptible
factor for NPC in Guangxi.
Biography: DENG Zhuo-lin (1929-), male, professor of pathology, Guangxi Medical University, majors in tumor pathology. E-mail :zhuolin@hotmail.com 相似文献
990.
Associations between reproductive and menstrual factors and postmenopausal sex hormone concentrations. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jessica Chubak Shelley S Tworoger Yutaka Yasui Cornelia M Ulrich Frank Z Stanczyk Anne McTiernan 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2004,13(8):1296-1301
Reproductive and menstrual characteristics, as well as high circulating estrogen concentrations, are associated with risk of hormone-related cancers in postmenopausal women. To explore possible etiologic relationships between menstrual/reproductive characteristics and risk of hormone-related cancers, we examined associations between menstrual/reproductive factors and serum concentrations of free estradiol, total estradiol, estrone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). This study was conducted in 173 postmenopausal women using data from the prerandomization visit of an exercise clinical trial. Participants were sedentary, overweight/obese, and not on hormone therapy. Women > or =20 years past menopause had 23% lower total estradiol and 30% lower free estradiol concentrations than women within 4 years of menopause (P for trend = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Nulliparous women had 19% higher FSH concentrations than parous women (P = 0.02). Among parous women, parity was positively associated with SHBG and negatively associated with free estradiol concentrations. Women with > or =4 children had 20% lower free estradiol and 38% higher SHBG concentrations compared with women with one birth (P for trend = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). Total number of months spent breast-feeding was modestly and inversely associated with serum FSH concentrations (P for trend = 0.07). Our results suggest that menstrual/reproductive characteristics may be associated with postmenopausal hormone concentrations; verification of these results in other studies may elucidate how these variables influence risk of hormone-related cancers. 相似文献